Keanekaragaman serangga tanah di Perkebunan Jeruk Desa Poncokusumo Kecamatan Poncokusumo dan Desa Selorejo Kecamatan Dau Kabupaten Malang

INDONESIA :

Tanaman jeruk sangat rentan terhadap hama dan penyakit, sehingga penggunaan pestisida salah satu upaya menekan populasi hama dan penyakit, namun dampak negatif yang diberikan menyebabkan populasi serangga tanah mati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi jenis serangga tanah, mengetahui indeks keanekaragaman serangga tanah, mengetahui faktor fisika-kimia tanah dan menganalisis korelasi jumlah serangga tanah dengan faktor fisika-kimia tanah. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret-April 2018 di perkebunan jeruk Desa Poncokusumo dan Desa Solerejo Kabupaten Malang. Identifikasi dilakukan di laboratorium Optik Jurusan Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Tehnologi. Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang dan dan analisis sampel tanah dilakukan di laboratorium Tanah Balai Proteksi Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura. pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan Hand Sorted. Data hasil penelitian di analisis dengan menggunakan aplikasi PAST 3.14. Identifikasi serangga menggunakan Borror (1996) dan BugGuide.net (2019). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan di perkebunan jeruk Desa Poncokusumo ditemukan 1175 individu, 7 ordo, 15 famili dan 18 genus. Pada perkebunan Desa Selorejo ditemukan 1552 individu, 8 ordo, 19 famili dan 22 genus Indeks kenaekaragaman dari 2 lokasi, kebun jeruk Desa Poncokusmo sebanyak 2,75 dan Desa Selorejo 2,98 dari kedua lokasi termasuk keanekargaman sedang. Indeks dominansi dari kedua lokasi adalah Kebun Jeruk Desa Poncokusumo 0,078 dan Desa Selorejo 0,060 nilai dominansi lebih tinggi di temukan di Kebun Jeruk Desa Poncokusumo. Faktor fisika-kimia tanah Desa Poncokusumo suhu 25℃, kelembapan 86%, kadar air 12%, pH 15,21, C-organik, 5,38%, N-total 0,45%, C/N nisbah 35,88, bahan organik 9,26%, P 31,48, K 42,02 dan faktor fisika-kimia Desa Selorejo yaitu suhu 18℃, kelembapan 91%, kadar air 17%, Ph 17,24, C-organik 5,78%, N-total 0,53%, C/N nisbah 32,74, bahan organik 9,96%, P 50,88, K 57,69. Hasil kolerasi faktor fisika-kimia dengan jumlah serangga tanah, hasil positif pada suhu, bahan organik, kelembapan, C/N Nisbah dan K dan negative pada pH, Kadar air, N-total, C organic, dan P.

ENGLISH :

Orange plant is very susceptible to the pests and diseases. so, the use of pesticides is an effort to reduce the population of pests and diseases, but the negative effects cause dead soil insect populations. The purposes of the research are to identify the types of soil insects, determine the index of diversity of soil insects, find out the soil physical-chemical factors and analyze the correlation of the number of soil insects with soil physical-chemical factors. The research was conducted in March-April 2018 in the orange plantations of Poncokusumo Village and Solerejo Village of Malang. Identification is carried out in the Optical Laboratory of the Biology Department, Faculty of Science and Technology of Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University of Malang and analysis of soil samples were carried out in the Soil Laboratory for Food Crops and Horticulture Protection. Sampling used Sorted Hand. The research data was analyzed using the PAST 3.14 application. Identification of insects used Borror (1996) and BugGuide.net (2019). The results showed that in the orange plantation of Poncokusumo Village was found in 1175 individuals, 7 orders, 15 families and 18 genera. In Selorejo Village plantation was founded 1552 individuals, 8 orders, 19 families and 22 genera. Diversity indices from 2 locations, orange garden in Poncokusmo Village as much as 2.75 and Selorejo Village as much as 2.98, from both locations included medium diversity. The dominance index of the two locations was Poncokusumo Village, i.e. 0.078 and Selorejo Village i.e. 0.060. The higher dominance values ​​were found in orange garden of Poncokusumo Village. Physic-chemical factors of soil in Poncokusumo Village were 25 ℃, 86% humidity, 12% moisture content, pH 15.21, C organic 5.38%, N-total 0.45%, C/N ratio 35.88, organic material 9.26%, P 31.48, K 42.02 and physic-chemical factors of Selorejo Village were temperature 18 ℃, humidity 91%, water content 17%, Ph 17.24, C-organic 5.78%, N-total 0.53%, C/N ratio 32.74, organic material 9.96%, P 50.88, K 57.69. The results of correlation of physic-chemical factors with the number of soil insects of positive results were temperature, organic matter, humidity, C/N ratio and K, and the negatives were at pH, water content, N -total, C-organic, and P