The enactment of rechargeable rate of electronic money as a tool of payment under perspective of fatwa DSN-MUI No 116/DSN-MUI/IX/2017 and maslahah

ENGLISH:

The electronic money was a legitimate payment tool in Indonesia that was presented by Bank Indonesia supported the National Payment Gateway. Electronic money requires the recharge because the balance of electronic money will be run out appropriated with the nominal of holder transaction. Top up of electronic money divided into two kinds, first, top up on us is the rechargeable of electronic money value through the payment of the issuer card of electronic money. Second, top up off us is the rechargeable of electronic money value through the payment belonged to the different issuer of e-money card or by the acquirer who have cooperated with the issuer of e-money card. More explanation about the mechanism of the imposition of the maximum cost that can be recharge to the consumers by the publisher is by the issuing the Circular Letter from Bank Indonesia and the regulation of Circular Letter of Bank Indonesia.

This research aims to analyze the argumentations of the rechargeable of the electronic money as a tool of payment in Indonesia and the rechargeable of electronic money perspective Islamic law.

This type of research is normative legal research. Normative legal research. With the research approach are legislation approach, comparative approach and conceptual approach. The characteristic of normative legal research to explain the law does not support by required data or social facts, because in study of normative only known the legal materials.

On the Juridical arguments there is un harmonization of norm among the National Movement of Noncash by Bank Indonesia with the enactment of rechargeable rate of electronic money for the Regulation of Bank Indonesia. On the economically arguments a publisher of electronic money, the enactment of rechargeable rate of electronic money is not worth than the cost of the investment, and other costs that have been incurred to support the effectiveness of the use of the electronic money. Whereas the societies as a consumers of electronic money felt burned and do not agree with the enactment of rechargeable rate of electronic money. On the sociological arguments the enactment of rechargeable rate of electronic money because of the issuer of electronic money requires a cost for maintenance and rent the infrastructure tools of electronic money. The imposition on the rechargeable of electronic money is also adjusted by the amount of the value of the top up has been done by the consuments. According to the Islamic Law Review the rechargeable reta of electronic money was allowed but must follow the Islamic transaction scheme, so the right and the obligation both of parties can be aware.

INDONESIA:

Uang elektronik menjadi alat pembayaran yang sah di Indonesia yang telah dipaparkan oleh Bank Indonesia mendukung Gerakan Nasional Non Tunai (GNNT). Uang elektronik memerlukan isi ulang karena saldo yang tersimpan dalam uang elektronik akan berkurang sesuai jumlah nominal transaksi yang telah dilakukan oleh pemegang uang elektronik. Isi ulang (top up) uang elektronik terbagi menjadi dua jenis yaitu, pertama, top up on us adalah isi ulang uang elektronik melalui kanal pembayaran milik penerbit kartu uang elektronik. Kedua, top up off us yaitu isi ulang uang elektronik melalui kanal pembayaran milik penerbit kartu yang berbeda atau melalui acquirer (mitra) yang telah bekerjasama dengan penerbit kartu uang elektronik tersebut. Ketentuan lebih lanjut mengenai mekanisme pengenaan biaya maksimum yang dapat dikenakan penerbit kepada konsumen diatur dengan dikeluarkannya Surat Edaran Bank Indonesia dan Peraturan Anggota Gubernur.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis argumentasi pemberlakuan tariff isi ulang uang elektronik sebagai alat pembayaran di Indonesia dan tariff isi ulang uang lektronik menurut perspektif hukum Islam.

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian ilmu hukum normatif. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan perbandingan dan pendekatan konsep. Karakteristik utama penelitian ilmu hukum normative yang digunakan dalam melakukan pengkajian ilmu hukum normative adalah bahan hukum bukan data atau fakta social.

Dalam argumentasi yuridis tidak adanya keselarasan hokum antara Gerakan Nasional Non Tunai (GNNT) dengan pemberlakuan tariff isi ulang yang diatur dalam Peraturan Bank Indonesia. Argumentasi ekonomis penerbit uang elektronik berasumsi bahwa pemberlakuan tariff isi ulang uang elektronik dianggap wajar karena tidak sebanding dengan biaya investasi, dan biaya lainnya yang telah dikeluarkan untuk menunjang efektifitas pemakaian uang elektronik. Sedangkan konsumen dari uang elektronik merasa terbebani atas pemberlakuan tariff isi ulang uang elektronik. Argumentasi sosiologis atas pemberlakuan tariff isi ulang uang elektronik beralasan karena pihak penerbit uang elektronik membutuhkan biaya untuk perawatan dan sewa alat infrastruktur uang elektronik. Pengenaan tariff isi ulang uang elektronik juga disesuaikan dengan jumlah nilai top up yang dilakukan oleh konsumen. Menurut hukum islam top up e-money diperbolehkan asalkan mengikuti skema transaksi syariah sehingga hak dan kewajiban pihak-pihak tersebut dapat diketahui.