Ahsan, Asrovin Fuad (2012) Konsep nasab anak adopsi: Studi komparatif hukum Islam dan hukum positif. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.
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Text (Introduction)
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Text (Abstract: Indonesia)
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Text (Abstract: English)
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Text (Abstract: Arabic)
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Text (Chapter 1)
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Text (Chapter 2)
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Text (Chapter 3)
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Text (Chapter 4)
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Text (References)
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Text (Appendices)
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Abstract
INDONESIA:
Adopsi anak merupakan jalan bagi mereka yang menginginkan kehadiran seorang anak akan tetapi belum dikaruniai seorang anak. Motivasi adopsi yang dilakukan, ada yang untuk meneruskan keturunan, untuk mendapatkan tunjangan, ada pula yang merasa kasihan pada sang anak. Praktik adopsi telah dilakukan sejak zaman jahiliyyah, hingga sampai zaman kerasulan. Dalam hukum Islam telah diatur bahwasanya mengadopsi anak orang lain diperkenankan dengan catatan anak angkat tersebut tidak memutuskan nasab dengan orang tua asli. Dalam perundang undangan di Indonesia, ketentuan mengenai adopsi juga telah diatur dalam beberapa pasal di beragam undang-undang walaupun belum secara lengkap. Adopsi anak erat kaitannya dengan masalah nasab anak. Islam sangat menjunjung tinggi dan menjaga masalah nasab, begitu pula undang-undang di Indonesia juga berusaha melindungi hak-hak personal seseorang, mengingat masalah nasab erat kaitannya dengan masalah kewarisan dan juga perwalian nikah. Akan tetapi dalam beberapa perkara adopsi, beberapa diantaranya adalah anak yang tidak jelas nasabnya, hal ini menimbulkan masalah baru mengenai kewarisan dan perwalihan pernikahan anak tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini juga disinggung mengenai nasab anak adopsi yang tidak diketahui nasabnya.
Dalam penelitian ini peneliti membandingkan bagaimana status nasab anak adopsi ditinjau dari sudut pandang hukum Islam dan sudut pandang hukum positif di Indonesia. Meninjau bagaimana akibat hukumnya terhadap hubungan anak dan orang tua angkat, kewarisan, perwalian serta dampak psikologisnya terhadap anak. Baik anak adopsi yang jelas nasab orang tua kandungnya serta anak adopsi yang tidak diketahui nasab orang tua kandungnya.
Dalam penelitian ini, menggunakan jenis penelitian normatif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan komparatif. Metode pengumpulan datanya dengan cara dokumentasi atau studi literatur, dan ditunjang dengan data dari narasumber sebagai tambahan data.
Hasil penelitian ini adalah, anak adopsi tidak mempunyai hubungan nasab dengan orang tua angkatnya, baik dilihat dari sudut pandang hukum Islam maupun hukum positif, sehingga tidak berhak menerima warisan, dan tidak bisa mendapat perwalian dalam akad nikah oleh orang tua angkat, kewarisan dan perwalian tetap didapat dari orang tua kandung. Sedangkan untuk anak yang tidak diketahui nasabnya, wali saat menikah adalah wali hakim, dan tidak mendapatkan kewarisan melainkan wasiat seperti halnya anak adopsi yang pertama.
ENGLISH:
Child adoption is a way for those who want to have child but they have not had them. There are several reasons which motivate child adoption such as: discontinuation of descendance, getting rightful benefits, and sympathy for the child. Adoption has been practiced since Rasulullah became prophet, up till the time of the apostolate. Islamic law has regulated and allowed people to adopt children as long as it does not disect the original parent lineage. In the Indonesian statute law, the regulation of adoption has also been set up in several articles in various laws, although they have been not completed yet. Child adoption is closely related to the children lineage problem. Islam pays attention on lineage problem highly, as well as legislation in Indonesia also tries to protect someone's personal rights because the lineage problem is closely related to inheritance and marriage guardianship. However, in some cases of adoption, abandoned children with their linage, it result in a new problem about their inheritance and marriage guardianship. This study also mentions about the lineage of the adopted child with unknown lineage.
In this research, researcher compared the lineage status of adopted children from Islamic law perspective and Indonesian positive law perspective. It Reviews how the legal consequences of the relationship between the child and the child's adoptive parents, inheritance, guardianship and psychological impact on children. Those who are with known lineage and those who are with unknown lineage.
This study used a kind of normative research, or literature research, and it used a comparative approach. The method of data collection is documentation or literature studies, and it is supported by data from informans as additional data.
The results of this study is that adopted children have no lineage relationship with his adoptive parents from both perspective of Islamic law and positive law. So, they have no right to get an inheritance, and could not get custody in a ceremony by the adoptive parents. Inheritance and their guardianship remains on their biological parents. For the children who do not know their linage, guardian of marriage is the guardian of the judge, and they will not get the inheritance but as the adoption of the first child.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||
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Supervisor: | Hamidah, Tutik | ||||||
Contributors: |
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Keywords: | Konsep; Adopsi; Nasab; Concept; Adopt; Lineage | ||||||
Subjects: | 18 LAW AND LEGAL STUDIES > 1801 Law > 180128 Islamic Family Law > 18012823 Mahram & Nasab | ||||||
Departement: | Fakultas Syariah > Jurusan al-Ahwal al-Syakhshiyyah | ||||||
Depositing User: | Illiyati Tsani Nivia | ||||||
Date Deposited: | 17 Aug 2015 12:19 | ||||||
Last Modified: | 17 Aug 2015 12:19 | ||||||
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/1488 |
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