Qibtiyah, Mariyatul (2019) Pandangan tokoh agama terhadap sistem distribusi Zakat Fitrah model tukar antar Muzakki: Studi di Masjid An-Nur Dusun Takeran Desa Ngijo Kecamatan Karangploso Kabupaten Malang. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
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Abstract
INDONESIA:
Distribusi zakat fitrah sebagai salah satu kegiatan pengelolaan zakat, mempunyai peranan yang sangat besar. Di beberapa wilayah yang terorganisir oleh amil zakat, seringkali terjadi pengumpulan zakat fitrah serta pendistribusiannya kurang diperhatikan oleh amil zakat. Kewajiban setiap umat Islam untuk mengeluarkan zakat fitrah di akhir bulan Ramadhan, sering kali tanpa disadari dari beberapa kemungkinan terjadi zakat ketika didistribusikan kembali diberikan kepada muzakki. Bahan pokok yang sudah diniati untuk zakat justru kembali kepada dirinya tanpa disadari oleh muzakki maupun amil.
Rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah Pertama, pandangan tokoh agama Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, dan Majelis Ulama Indonesia terhadap sistem distribusi penukaran zakat fitrah di Masjid An-Nur Dusun Takeran, Desa Ngijo, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang serta persamaan dan perbedaan pendapat tokoh-tokoh agama tersebut. Penelitian ini berupaya mengkaji bagaimana model distribusi tukar zakatyang dilakukan oleh masjid An-Nur serta menganalisis dengan pendapat tokoh agama dari Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah dan Majelis Ulama Indonesia.
Penelitian ini menggunakan sjenis penelitian hukum sosiologis empiris dengan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis. Data yang diperoleh berupa data primer dari wawancara langsung kepada panitia penerima zakat fitrah di Masjid An-Nur dan tokoh-tokoh Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammaddiyah dan Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Data sekunder berupa dokumentasi data yang bersumber dari buku-buku dan berkas resmi dari masing-masing lembaga.
Hasil penelitian ini adalah Pertama, menurut keseluruhan tokoh Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah dan Majelis Ulama Indonesia, pendistribusian zakat fitrah secara tukar diperbolehkan selama tidak menyalahi aturan fikih. Mustahiq harus dipilih sesuai dengan kategori 8 asnaf. Jika terdapat muzakki yang berstatus sebagai mustahiq, maka pendistribusiannya harus dilakukan secara teliti. Kedua, Persamaan padangan tokoh agama adalah Keseluruhan tokoh agama sama-sama memperbolehkan melakukan distribusi tukar zakat. Perbedaannya menurut pandangan tokoh Muhammadiyah muzakki yang sudah mengeluarkan zakat tidak dapat disebut sebagai mustahiq sehingga zakatpun tidak akan kembali kepada muzakki.
ENGLISH:
The distribution of Zakat Fitrah as one of zakat management activities, has a very large role. In some areas organized by amil zakat, often a collection of zakat and its distribution are less noticed by amil zakat. The obligation of every Muslim to issue zakat fitrah at the end of Ramadan, often without realizing it from some possibility of the occurrence of zakat when distributed again given to Muzakki. The basic material used as the intention to be zakat by muzakki actually returns to him without being realized by muzakki or amil zakat.
The formulation of this research problem is first, the view of religious leaders Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah, and Majelis Ulama Indonesia to the distribution system of zakat fitrah in the An-Nur Mosque Takeran Hamlet, Ngijo Village, District Karangploso, District Malang and the similarities and differences of opinion of the religious figures leaders that is. The research seeks to examine how the zakat exchange distribution model is carried out by An-Nur mosque and analyzed with the opinion of religious figures from Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah and Majelis Ulama Indonesia.
This study used a type of empirical sociological research law with a sociological juridical approaches. Data obtained in the form of primary data from interviews directly to the committee of zakat fitrah in the An-Nur mosque and the figures Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammaddiyah and Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Secondary data is in the documentation of data sourced from the official books and files of each institution.
The results of this research are according to first, the overall figure of Nahdlatul Ulama, Muhammadiyah and Majelis Ulama Indonesia, the distribution of zakat fitrah in exchange is permissible as long as it is not wrong with the rules of fiqih. Mustahiq must be chosen in accordance with the category 8 asnaf. If there is a muzakki that is status as mustahiq, then the distribution must be done carefully. Second, the similarities with religious leaders are that all religious leaders alike allow for the distribution of zakat exchange. The difference is according according to the view of Muhammadiyah muzakki who have issued zakat cannot be mentioned as mustahiq so zakat will not return to Muzakki.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||
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Supervisor: | Fakhruddin, Fakhruddin | ||||||
Contributors: |
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Keywords: | distribusi zakat fitrah; tukar antar muzakki; distribution of zakat al-fitr; exchange between muzakki | ||||||
Departement: | Fakultas Syariah > Jurusan al-Ahwal al-Syakhshiyyah | ||||||
Depositing User: | Heni Kurnia Ningsih | ||||||
Date Deposited: | 11 Mar 2020 14:58 | ||||||
Last Modified: | 11 Mar 2020 14:58 | ||||||
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/14863 |
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