Ubaidillah, Ubaidillah (2018) Variasi fenetik aksesi tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) dibeberapa wilayah Indonesia berdasarkan karakter batang dan daun. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
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Abstract
INDONESIA:
Tanaman tebu memiliki komoditas mencapai 1000 aksesi yang tersebar diwilayah Indonesia, informasi tentang sifat-sifat tebu yang berpotensi cukup sedikit. Perlu melakukan ekslorasi untuk mendapatkan hasil dalam bentuk visual yang berkualtias untuk mencari persilangan yang berkualitas. Analisis keragaman dari setiap sumber daya yang tersedia harus dicari sebagai data deskripsi dari masing masing genotip secara morfologi. keragaman fenetik menjadi informasi alternatif diketahui hubungan kekerabatan dalam menentukan kekerabatan terdekat dan terjauh. analisis kekerabatan tebu juga diharapkan bisa untuk membedakan aksesi tebu, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai acuan dalam persilangan untuk mengetahui adanya keanekaragaman morfologi dari aksesi tebu (Saccharum officinarum), karakter dan karakteristik yang dapat membedakan antar aksesi tebu serta hubungan kekerabatan melalui pendekatan morfologi. Penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan 50 karakter morfologi, meliputi karakteristik dari habitus, internous, bud, seludang daun dan helaian daun. Karakter-karakter yang diamati kemudian dijadikan bentuk skor. Hasil penskoran karakter dianalisis secara deskriptif dan dengan menggunakan metode UPGMA sehingga terbentuk fenogram. Berdasarkan pengamatan karakteristik yang dapat membedakan antar aksesi tanaman tebu meliputi: Habitus terletak pada tinggi tangkai, jumlah anakan. Internodus pada bagian diameter dan irisan batang. Bud memiliki karakter khas pada sayap tunas, warna batang. Seludang daun memiiki sifat khusus pada lebar ligula dan kerapatan rambut ligula. helaian daun terletak pada Rasio lebar helaian daun dan ibu tulang daun. Analisis dengan metode fenetik yang menggunakan program PAST dihasilkan dendrogram yang menunjukkan hubungan kekerabatan antar aksesi menunjukkan bahwa seratus aksesi tebu terbagi 11 kelompok utama yaitu: kelompok A- B aksesi kode 15-75 memiliki indek similaritas 0.108. Kelompok B-C terdiri dari kode aksesi 75- 1 memiliki indek similaritas 0.214. Kelompok C-D meliputi kode 1-84 memiliki indek similaritas 0.259. Kelompok D-E meliputi kode 84-89 memiliki indek similaritas 0.186. Sementara kelompok E-F memiliki aksesi 89-78 memiliki indek similaritas 0.243. Kelompok F-G meliputi kode 78-32 memiliki indek similaritas 0.223 Kelompok G-H meliputi kode 32-74 memiliki indek similaritas 0.275. Kelompok H-I meliputi kode 75-60 memiliki indek similaritas 0.342. Kelompok I-J kode 60-56 memiliki indek similaritas 0.324. Kelompok J-K meliputi kode 56-70 Memiliki indek similaritas 0.275. Hasil fenogram diatas akan lebih baik apabila disilangkan antara aksesi yang berkerabat jauh.
ENGLISH:
Sugarcane plants have a commodity reaching 1000 accessions spread throughout Indonesia, information on the characteristics of sugar cane which has the potential to be quite small. It is necessary to do an exploration to get the meeting point of qualified visual forms to find quality crosses. Analysis of the diversity of each available resource must be sought as a data description of each genotype morphologically. Phenetic diversity is an alternative information known kinship relationships in determining the closest and farthest kinship. Sugarcane kinship analysis is also expected to be able to distinguish sugarcane accession, so that it can be used as a reference in crossing to find out the morphological diversity of accession of sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum), kinship through morphological approaches, and the characteristics and characteristics that can distinguish between sugarcane accessions. The study was carried out based on 50 morphological characters, including characteristics of habitus, internous, bud, leaves and leaves. The characters observed are then used as a score form. Character scoring results were analyzed descriptively and using the UPGMA method to form a phenogram. Based on the characteristic observations that can distinguish between sugarcane accessions include: Habitus is located on the stalk height, number of tillers. Internodus on the diameter and wedge sections. Bud has a distinctive character on the shoot wing, stem color. Leaf sheath has special properties in the width of the ligula and the density of ligula hair. leaf strands lie in the ratio of the width of the leaf blade and the mother's leaf bone. Analysis with the phenetic method using the PAST program resulted in a dendrogram that showed the kinship relationship between accessions showed that one hundred cane accessions were divided into 11 main groups, namely: group A- B accession code 15-75 had a similarity index of 0.108. Group B-C consists of accession code 75-1 has a similarity index of 0.214. The C-D group includes codes 1-84 having a similarity index of 0.259. The D-E group includes code 84-89 which has a similarity index of 0.186. While the E-F group has accession 89-78 has a similarity index of 0.243. The F-G group includes code 78-32 which has a similarity index 0.223 The G-H group includes code 32-74 has a similarity index of 0.275. Group H-I includes code 75-60 has a similarity index of 0.342. Group I-J code 60-56 has a similarity index of 0.324. The J-K group includes codes 56-70 with a similarity index of 0.275. The results of the phenogram above will be better if crossed between accessions that are far away.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | |||||||||
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Supervisor: | Savitri, Evika Sandi and Barizi, Ahmad | |||||||||
Contributors: |
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Keywords: | tebu; fenetik; karakteristik; UPGMA; sugarcane; phenetic; characteristics; UPGMA | |||||||||
Departement: | Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > Jurusan Biologi | |||||||||
Depositing User: | Bela Nabila | |||||||||
Date Deposited: | 13 May 2019 11:16 | |||||||||
Last Modified: | 13 May 2019 11:16 | |||||||||
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/14087 |
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