Probojati, Rasyadan Taufiq (2018) Diversitas genetik Pisang Raja (Musa x paradisiaca L.) di pulau Jawa berdasarkan marka RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
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Abstract
INDONESIA:
Pisang merupakan tanaman buah berbentuk herba dalam keluarga Musaceae yang sebagian besar tersebar di kawasan Asia Tenggara (termasuk Indonesia). Pusat keragaman pisang kultivar di Indonesia tersebar di wilayah pulau Jawa, Madura, Sulawesi dan Sumatera. Banyaknya pisang kultivar di Indonesia menyebabkan adanya perbedan nama pada masing-masing daerah, sehingga mengakibatkan permasalahan dalam tata nama taksonomi, dan pengelompokkan jenis pisang kultivar. Selama ini, pengelompokkan pisang kultivar di Indonesia menggunakan karakter morfologi (fenetik). Namun, hasil penelitian tersebut seringkali kurang akurat karena bersifat subjektif. Pendekatan melalui marka molekuler dipercaya memiliki tingkat akurasi yang lebih tinggi guna pengelompokan pisang kultivar dibanding dengan pendekatan morfologi. Beberapa marka molekuler di atas yang sering digunakan dalam penelitian diversitas genetik pada tumbuhan adalah RAPD.
Metode yang digunakan pada 13 sampel pisang raja dan 2 sampel pisang liar yaitu isolasi DNA, uji kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Kemudian amplifikasi PCR menggunakan primer RAPD (OPA1-20). Setelah didapatkan hasil amplifikasi kemudian dilakukan analisis data yaitu: Skoring Data, Analisis Kekuatan Primer (polymorphism information content (PIC), effective multiplex ratio (EMR), marker index (MI), resolution power (Rp)), clustering (indeks similaritas Jaccard menggunakan aplikasi PAST (Paleontological Statistics) versi 3.15) dan Principal coordinates Analysis (PCoA).
Hasil dari penelitian ini yakni dari 20 primer terdapat 12 primer yang berhasil mengamplifikasi pita polimorfik DNA pada Pisang Raja (OPA 1, OPA 2, OPA 3, OPA 4, OPA 5, OPA 8, OPA 11, OPA 16, OPA 17, OPA 18, OPA 19, OPA 20). Nilai koeefisien similaritas yang dihasilkan rendah dan pita polimorfik yang dihasilkan tinggi, sehingga diversitas genetik pisang Raja tinggi. Pisang Raja yang ada di Pulau Jawa mengelompok berdasarkan genomnya dengan menghasilkan 3 cluster dengan outgroup Raja Bali (R1). Cluster 1 adalah Raja Madu (R8), Raja Sereh (R3). Cluster 2 adalah Raja Jambe (R6), Raja Kriyak (R9), Raja Klutuk (R11), Raja Brentel (R12), Raja Seribu (R10), Raja Lini (R13), Monyet (AA3), Klutuk Wulung (BB1). Cluster 3 adalah Raja Bandung (R2), Raja Kisto (R4), Raja Gareng (R7), Raja Delima (R2).
ENGLISH:
Banana is an herbaceous fruit in the group of Musaceae that mostly spread in Southeast Asia (including Indonesia). Center for diversity of cultivar banana in Indonesia spreads over the islands of Java, Madura, Sulawesi and Sumatra. The number of cultivar banana in Indonesia has caused the different names in each region, causing problems in taxonomic name, and grouping of cultivar banana. So far, grouping cultivar banana in Indonesia uses morphological (phenetic) characters. However, the results of these studies are often less accurate doe to subjective research. Approaches through molecular markers are believed to have a higher degree of accuracy for cultivar banana grouping than with morphological approach. Some of the molecular markers above that are often used in research on the genetic diversity in plants are RAPD.
The method that was used on 13 samples of raja Banana and 2 samples of wild banana is DNA isolation, qualitative and quantitative test. Then PCR amplification used RAPD primer (OPA1-20). After obtaining the results of amplification and then performed data analysis: Data Scoring, Primary Strength Analysis (polymorphism information content (PIC), effective multiplex ratio (EMR), and marker index (MI), resolution power (Rp)), clustering (Jaccard similarity index using PAST (Paleontological Statistics) version of 3.15) and Principal coordinates Analysis (PCoA).
The results of the research in 20 primers, there are 12 primers that successfully amplify DNA polymorphic band on Raja Banana (OPA 1, OPA 2, OPA 3, OPA 4, OPA 5, OPA 8, OPA 11, OPA 16, OPA 17, OPA 18 , OPA 19, OPA 20). The similarity coefficient value was low and the polymorphic band was high, so the genetic diversity of the Raja Banana was high. Raja Banana in Java Island is grouped by the genom by producing 3 clusters with out-groups Raja Bali (R1). Cluster 1 is Raja of Honey (R8), Raja of Citrus (R3). Cluster 2 is Raja of Jambe (R6), Raja of Kriyak (R9), Raja of Cow (R11), Raja of Brentel (R12), Raja Seribu (R10), Raja of Lini (R13), Monkey (AA3), Klutuk Wulung (BB1). Cluster 3 is Raja of Bandung (R2), Raja of Kisto (R4), Raja of Gareng (R7), Raja of Delima (R2)
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | |||||||||
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Supervisor: | Wahyudi, Didik and Syarifah, Umaiyatus | |||||||||
Contributors: |
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Keywords: | Pisang Raja; Diversitas genetik; Clustering; RAPD; Raja Banana; Genetic diversity; Clustering; RAPD | |||||||||
Departement: | Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > Jurusan Biologi | |||||||||
Depositing User: | M. Nawa Syarif Fajar Sakti | |||||||||
Date Deposited: | 09 May 2019 15:07 | |||||||||
Last Modified: | 13 Aug 2019 12:34 | |||||||||
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/13984 |
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