Rahmah, Fadhlina Tsaniyatur (2018) Uji toksisitas tanaman anting-anting (Acalypha indica L.) hasil ekstraksi ultrasonik dengan variasi pelarut dan lama ekstraksi. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
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Abstract
INDONESIA:
Tanaman anting-anting (Acalypha indica L.) merupakan tanaman herbal yang tumbuh di daerah tropis. Tanaman ini mengandung metabolit sekunder seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, triterpenoid, dan tanin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat toksisitas dari senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung dalam tanaman anting-anting menggunakan metode ekstraksi ultrasonik.
Ekstraksi metabolit sekunder dilakukan dengan metode ultrasonik menggunakan variasi pelarut dan lama ekstraksi. Variasi pelarut yang digunakan yaitu etanol, metanol, dan etil asetat, sedangkan variasi lama ekstraksi yang digunakan yaitu 10, 20, dan 30 menit. Uji toksisitas ekstrak kasar menggunakan larva udang (Artemia salina L.). Hasil toksisitas terbaik pada variasi pelarut diidentifikasi gugus fungsi senyawa metabolit sekunder menggunakan FTIR.
Rendemen yang diperoleh penelitian ini menunjukkan ekstrak etanol dengan lama ekstraksi 10, 20, dan 30 menit masing-masing sebesar 7,31; 7,81; dan 8,59 gram, sedangkan ekstrak metanol lama ekstraksi 10, 20, dan 30 menit masing-masing sebesar 9,25; 8,49; dan 6,66 gram. Ekstrak etil asetat dengan lama ekstraksi 10, 20, dan 30 menit menghasilkan rendemen berturut-turut 3,74; 5,58; dan 4,49 gram. Adanya variasi lama ekstraksi tidak memberikan pengaruh signifikan, sedangkan variasi pelarut menunjukkan adanya pengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil rendemen. Hasil uji fitokimia terdapat senyawa metabolit sekunder alkaloid, tanin, steroid, dan triterpenoid pada seluruh variasi yang telah dilakukan. Hasil uji toksisitas pelarut etanol dengan lama ekstraksi 10, 20, dan 30 menit menghasilkan nilai LC50 masing-masing sebesar 35,3660; 33,6686; dan 39,0629 ppm, sedangkan pelarut metanol lama ekstraksi 10, 20, dan 30 menit masing-masing sebesar 35,2547; 39,0629; dan 41,0490 ppm. Pelarut etil asetat dengan lama ekstraksi 10, 20, dan 30 menit masing-masing sebesar 39,0629; 35,3660; dan 42,9557 ppm. Hasil identifikasi dengan FTIR menunjukkan adanya gugus fungsi berupa N-H, C-H, C=O, C=C, C-H germinal dimetil, dan C-N.
ENGLISH:
Anting-Anting (Acalypha indica L.) was herbal plant that growed in the tropical area. This plant contained some secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids, and tannins. The purpose of this research was knowing the toxicity levels of the secondary metabolite contained in anting-anting plant using ultrasonic extraction method.
The extraction of secondary metabolites was carried out by ultrasonic method using various solvents and extraction time. The variation of solvents used were ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate, while the variation of extraction time used were 10, 20, and 30 minutes. Toxicity test of crude extract was done by using shrimp larvae (Artemia salina L.). The best results of toxicity test were identified its functional groups using FTIR.
The yield obtained from ethanol extracts with extraction duration 10, 20, and 30 minutes were 7.3, 7.8, and 8.6 grams, while the yield of methanol extracts with extraction duration 10, 20, and 30 minutes were 9.2, 8.5, and 6.6 grams. Ethyl acetate extract with extraction time 10, 20, and 30 minutes produced a yield of 3.7, 5.6, and 4.5 grams. The variation of extraction time did not give a significant effect, while the solvent variation indicated a significant effect on the results of the yield. Phytochemical test results indicated secondary metabolites of alkaloids, tannins, steroids, and triterpenoids in all variations. The toxicity test using ethanol solvent with extraction time 10, 20, and 30 minutes produced an LC50 value 35.3660, 33.6686, and 39.0629 ppm, while the result of methanol solvent with extraction time 10, 20, and 30 were 35.2547, 39.0629, and 41.0490 ppm. Ethyl acetate solvents with extraction time 10, 20, and 30 minutes produced an LC50 value 39.0629, 35.3660, and 42.9557 ppm. The results of identification with FTIR showed the presence of functional groups in the form of N-H, C-H, C=O, C=C, germinal dimethyl C-H, and C-N.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | |||||||||
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Supervisor: | Hayati, Elok Kamilah and Syarifah, Umaiyatus | |||||||||
Contributors: |
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Keywords: | Anting-anting (Acalypha indica L); ekstraksi ultrasonik; FTIR; metabolit sekunder; toksisitas; secondary metabolites; toxicity; ultrasonik extraction | |||||||||
Departement: | Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > Jurusan Kimia | |||||||||
Depositing User: | Nimas Hikmatul Azizah | |||||||||
Date Deposited: | 26 Apr 2019 15:02 | |||||||||
Last Modified: | 26 Apr 2019 15:02 | |||||||||
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/13881 |
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