Tradisi Mappacci dalam Proses Pernikahan Masyarakat Bugis Perspektif Al-‘Urf: Studi di Desa Sengengpalie Kec Lappariaja Kab Watampone Sulawesi Selatan

ABSTRAK

Tradisi Mappacci di desa Sengengpalie, Kecamatan Lappariaja, Kabupaten Bone dilaksanakan sebelum akad. Merupakan salah satu rangkaian acara prosesi pernikahan yang tidak boleh terlewatkan. Acara Mappacci merupakan suatu rangkaian acara yang sakral yang dihadiri oleh seluruh sanak keluarga dan undangan.

Penelitian ini terdapat tiga rumusan masalah yaitu: 1) Bagaimana pandangan masyarakat Bugis terhadap tradisi Mappacci di desa Sengengpalie, Kec Lappariaja, Kab Bone, Sulawesi Selatan. 2) Bagaimana proses pelaksanaan tradisi Mappacci oleh masyarakat Bugis di desa Sengengpalie, Kec Lappariaja, Kab Bone, Sulawesi Selatan. 3) Bagaimana tinjauan al‘Urf terhadap tradisi Mappacci oleh masyarakat Bugis di desa Sengengpalie, Kec Lappariaja, Kab Bone, Sulawesi Selatan. Dalam penelitian ini tergolong ke dalam jenis penelitian empiris, dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan pendekatan al-‘Urf. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan untuk mendapatkan data deskriptif yang berupa kata-kata tertulis atau lisan dari masyarakat, sedangkan pendekatan al-‘Urf digunakan sebagai alat menganalisis tradisi tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini, sumber data primer yang digunakan adalah informasi dari para informan, dilengkapi dengan sumber data sekunder. Pengumpulan data ditempuh dengan tiga cara, observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Begitu halnya dengan teknik pengolahan data menggunakan pemeriksaan data, klasifikasi data, verifikasi data, dan analisis.

Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tradisi Mappacci dalam proses pernikahan sudah menjadi tradisi yang telah dipertahankan sejak nenek moyang terdahulu. Dalam proses pelaksanaan Mappacci merupakan bentuk harapan dan doa bagi kesejahteraan dan kebahagiaan calon mempelai. Dengan demikian pelaksanaan tradisi Mappacci mengandung makna kebersihan atau kesucian dengan tujuan untuk membersihkan jiwa dan raga calon pengantin sebelum mengarungi rumah tangga. Dalam pandangan hukum Islam berdasarkan perspektif al-‘Urf maka diperoleh hasil tradisi Mappacci menurut segi objeknya adalah termasuk al-‘Urf Amali sedangkan menurut cakupannya termasuk al-‘Urf Khash, dan menurut keabsahannya tradisi ini bisa masuk pada al-‘Urf Shohih dan juga al-‘Urf Fasid.

ABSTRACT

Mappacci tradition that occurred in the village Sengengpalie, sub-district Lappariaja, Bone regency which implementation at the time before the ceremony was held is one of a series of wedding processions that should not be missed. Mappacci event is a series of sacred events attended by all relatives and invitees.

This research has three problem formulation that are: 1) What is the Bugis society's view of Mappacci tradition in Sengengpalie village, Lappariaja sub-district, Bone regency, South Sulawesi. 2) How is the process of implementing Mappacci tradition by Bugis society in Sengengpalie village, Lappariaja sub-district, Bone regency, South Sulawesi. 3) How to review 'Urf on Mappacci tradition by Bugis society in Sengengpalie village, Lappariaja sub-district, Bone regency, South Sulawesi. In this study included into the type of empirical research, using a qualitative approach and the approach of al-'Urf. Qualitative approach is used to obtain descriptive data in the forms of words written or spoken from the public, while the al-'Urf approach is used as a tool to analyze the tradition.In this study, the primary data source used was informed by informants, supplemented by secondary data sources. Data collection is done in three ways, observation, interview and documentation. So is the case with data processing techniques using data checks, data classification, data verification, and analysis.

The results of this study indicate that the tradition of Mappacci in the process of marriage has become a tradition that has been maintained since ancestors earlier. In the process of implementation Mappacci is a form of hope and prayer for the welfare and happiness of the prospective bride. Thus the implementation of Mappacci tradition contains the meaning of cleanliness or holiness with the aim to cleanse the soul and body of the bride before going to the household. In the view of Islamic law based on the perspective of al-'Urf the result of Mappacci tradition is derived according to its object are including al-'Urf Amali whereas according to its scope includes al-'Urf Khash, and according to the validity of this tradition can enter on al-'Urf Shohih and also al-'Urf Fasid.