Ummah, Dina Silvana Rochimatul (2017) Tinjauan hukum perjanjian islam dan UU no. 8 tahun 1999 tentang perlindungan konsumen terhadap klausula baku pada setruk pembayaran. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim.
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Abstract
INDONESIA:
Setruk pembayaran merupakan bukti sederhana perjanjian jual beli yang terjadi diantara pelaku usaha dan konsumen. Pada setruk pembayaran, terdapat klausula baku “Barang yang dibeli tidak dapat ditukar/dikembalikan” yang dicantumkan. Keberadaan klausula baku ini mengakibatkan konsumen tidak dapat menukar ataupun mengembalikan barang yang telah dibelinya. Sementara pencantuman klausula baku itu sendiri merupakan bentuk perlindungan diri pelaku usaha terhadap iktikad buruk konsumennya. Klausula baku diatur dalam UU No.8 tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. KUH Perdata menyatakan perlunya asas kebebasan berkontrak dalam perjanjian, sedangkan KHES menekankan asas taswiyah bagi para pihak yang melakukan perjanjian.
Fokus tujuan penelitian ini untuk menggali asas dalam klausula baku “Barang yang dibeli tidak dapat ditukar/dikembalikan” pada setruk pembayaran. Serta mengungkapkan status hukum klausula baku “Barang yang dibeli tidak dapat ditukar/dikembalikan menurut Hukum Perjanjian Islam dan UU No. 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan konseptual. Sumber bahan hukum yang dipakai dalam penelitian berupa bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Bahan-bahan hukum tersebut dikumpulkan, disistematisasi dan dianalisis menggunakan metode penafsiran gramatikal, penafsiran sistematis, dan penafsiran ektensif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan asas paling dominan dalam klausula baku pada setruk pembayaran yakni asas iktikad baik, asas kepastian hukum, dan asas kebiasaan. Selanjutnya beberapa aspek klausula baku pada setruk pembayaran relevan dengan Hukum Perjanjian Islam, karena mengandung beberapa asas akad yang diatur dalam KHES maupun dalam referensi pendukung lainnya, yakni asas iktikad baik, asas ikhtiyati, asas menepati janji, dan asas tertulis. Sedangkan beberapa aspek lain tidak relevan dengan Hukum Perjanjian Islam, karena tidak memenuhi beberapa asas akad lain dalam KHES dan referensi lainya, yakni asas ikhtiyari, asas taswiyah, asas ilahiah, dan asas al-hurriyah. Menurut UUPK, klausula eksonerasi pada setruk pembayaran tetap memberikan perlindungan kepada konsumen dalam pemenuhan hak konsumen untuk mendapatkan kompensasi pembayaran ganti kerugian yang dideritanya akibat pemakaian barang. Hal ini dikarenakan adanya prinsip tanggung jawab mutlak dan prinsip tanggung jawab atas unsur kesalahan bagi pelaku usaha kepada konsumennya.
ENGLISH:
The payment receipt is a simple proof of purchase agreement occurred between business actors and consumers. On the payment receipt, there is a standard clause "The purchased goods can not be exchanged or refunded" item listed. The existence of standard clause result in the consumer being unable to exchange or return the goods that have been purchased. While the inclusion of the standard clause it self is a form of self-protection the business actor against the bad faith of his customers. The standard clause is set in Law No.8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection. The Civil Code states the necessity of freedom of contract in agreement, while KHES emphasize taswiyah principle for the parties who make the agreement.
Focus the purpose of this study to explore the principle in the standard clause "The purchased goods can not be exchanged or refunded" on the payment receipt. And disclose the legal status of the standard clause "The purchased good can not be exchanged or refunded" under Law of Islamic Contract and Law No.8 Year 1999 on Consumer Protection.
The research method used is normative legal research. The research approach uses a statute approach, conceptual approach, and comparative approach. Sources of legal material used in research in the form of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and materials tertiary law. The legal materials are collected for clarification and analyzed using grammatical method of interpretation, systematic interpretation, and the extensive interpretation.
The results of this research indicate that the most dominant principle in the standard clause on the payment receipt of the application of the principles of good faith, the principle of legal certainty, and the principle of custom. Next some aspects of standard clause on payment receipt is relevant to the Islamic Contract Law, because contains several contractual principles set out in KHES as well as in other supporting references, namely the principle of good faith, the principle of ikhtiyati, the principle of keeping appointments, and written principles. While some other aspects are not relevant to the Islamic Contract Law, as it does not meet some of the principles of other contracts within KHES and other references, namely the principle of ikhtiyari, taswiyah principle, divine principle, and al-hurriyah principle. Meanwhile according of UUPK, exemption clause of payment proof still provides protection to the consumer in fulfilling the consumer's right to get compensation in the form of payment of compensation suffered by consumers from the use of goods. This is because of the principle of absolute responsibility and the principle of responsibility for the element of business actor's mistake to his customers.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | ||||||
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Supervisor: | Yasin, Mohamad Nur | ||||||
Contributors: |
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Keywords: | Klausula Baku; Hukum Perjanjian Islam; Perlindungan Konsumen; Standard Clause; Islamic Contract Law; Consumer Protection | ||||||
Departement: | Fakultas Syariah > Jurusan Hukum Bisnis Syariah | ||||||
Depositing User: | Laily Nur Isnaini | ||||||
Date Deposited: | 21 Aug 2018 15:21 | ||||||
Last Modified: | 21 Aug 2018 15:21 | ||||||
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/11169 |
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