Fitriyani, Wahyu (2014) Respon pertumbuhan kalus stevia (Stevia rebaudiana B.) pada media MS dengan penambahan zat pengatur tumbuh 2,4-D yang dikombinasikan dengan air kelapa. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang.
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Abstract
INDONESIA :
Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana B.) merupakan tanaman semak yang mengandung senyawa aktif diterpen steviol glikosida, seperti Steviosida, Rebaudiosida (A, B, C, D, E, F), Steviolbiosida A, dan Dulkosida A. Kandungan metabolit sekunder Stevia berkhasiat untuk bahan obat-obatan seperti hypoglikemia, gangguan pencernaan, pemeliharaan gigi, dan lainlain. Kultur invitro merupakan teknik yang dapat digunakan untuk perbanyakan tanaman dan untuk mendapatkan metabolit sekunder yang tinggi melalui kultur kalus. ZPT yang sering digunakan untuk induksi kalus yaitu 2,4-D karena bersifat stabil dibandingkan golongan auksin yang lain. Air kelapa digunakan sebagai media kombinasi karena mempunyai aktivitas seperti sitokinin yang berperan dalam pembelahan sel, sehingga, perlakuan kombinasi antara 2,4-D dan air kelapa diharapkan mampu menumbuhkan kalus Stevia dengan cepat dan optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi kombinasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) dengan air kelapa pada media MS yang paling efektif sebagai respon eksplan yang berasal dari daun Stevia untuk menumbuhkan kalus Stevia.
Penelitian ini menggunakan RAL dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi 2,4-D (0, 1, 2 dan 3 mg/L) dan faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi air kelapa (10, 15 dan 20%). Parameter yang diamati yaitu munculnya eksplan berkalus (hari), persentase kalus (%), berat basah kalus (g), dan morfologi kalus (warna dan tekstur kalus). Data kuantitatif diuji dengan ANAVA Two-Way, untuk mengetahui perbedaan yang signifikan dilakukan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) dengan taraf signifikan 5%. Sedangkan data kualitatif dianalisis secara deskriptif. Pengamatan dilakukan secara harian, dua minggu dan empat minggu setelah tanam (HST).
Hasil uji ANAVA menunjukkan perlakuan Interaksi antara 2,4-D dan Air Kelapa berpengaruh terhadap hari munculnya eksplan berkalus, persentase kalus dan berat basah kalus. Kombinasi perlakuan 1 mg/L 2,4-D + 10% air kelapa merupakan kombinasi terbaik dan paling efisien untuk menumbuhkan kalus Stevia dengan persentase kalus sebesar 78,21% selama 3,89 hari dan berat basah kalus sebesar 0,74 g. Pengamatan morfologi (warna dan tesktur kalus) menunjukkan kalus berwarna hijau kekuningan dan bertekstur kompak sehingga dapat digunakan dalam produksi metabolit sekunder.
ENGLISH :
Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana B.) is the bush containing active compound of glycoside steviol diterpene such as Stevioside, Rebaudioside (A, B, C, D, E, F), Steviolbioside A, and Dulcoside A. The contents of Stevia secondary metabolite function as herb composition such as for hypoglycemia, bad digestion, teeth protection, etc. In vitro culture is a technique used to multiply plants and to obtain high secondary metabolite through callus culture. 2.4-D is the most frequently used to induce callus due to its stability compared to other type of arcsines. Coconut milk is used to mediate a combination because they have activities such as cytokinins which help cell splits, therefore, the combination between 2.4-D and coconut water is expected to be able to grow Stevia callus fast and optimally. This investigation is to get to know the concentration of combination between the growth regulator element 2,4Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) and coconut water applied to the most effective MSmedia as explants response derived from Stevia leaves to grow Stevia callus.
This research used RAL with two factors. The first factor is 2,4-D (0, 1, 2 and 3mg/L) concentrations and the second one is coconut water concentrations (10, 15 dan 20%). The observed parameters are the callus explants appearance (day), callus percentage (%), wet weight (g), and callus morphology (callus color and textures). The quantitative data was examined by ANAVA Two-Way. To obtain the information of the significant differences, Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) examination was conducted with significant level 5%. The qualitative data, on the one hand, was analyzed descriptively. The observation to the object was undertaken on daily, fortnightly and monthly basis after plantation (HST).
The ANAVA analysis shows that the treatment of interaction between 2,4-D and coconut water affects the day of callus explants appearance, callus percentage and wet weight. The combination of 1 mg/L 2,4-D + 10% coconut milk is the best and the most efficient combination to grow Stevia callus with callus percentage 78,21% during 3.89 days. It has wet weight 0.74 g. The phonology observation (callus colors and textures) demonstrates that the callus is yellowish green and the textures are compact so that they can be used in secondary metabolite productions.
Item Type: | Thesis (Undergraduate) | |||||||||
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Supervisor: | Savitri, Evika Sandi and Nashichuddin, Achmad | |||||||||
Contributors: |
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Keywords: | Kalus, Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana B.), 2,4-D, Air Kelapa, Callus, Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana B.), 2,4-D, coconut water | |||||||||
Subjects: | 06 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES > 0607 Plant Biology > 060703 Plant Developmental and Reproductive Biology | |||||||||
Departement: | Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi > Jurusan Biologi | |||||||||
Depositing User: | Alexander Malik | |||||||||
Date Deposited: | 06 Aug 2015 08:29 | |||||||||
Last Modified: | 09 Jun 2016 09:03 | |||||||||
URI: | http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/1024 |
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